Section: Module 2: Lesson 3: Proposal: Writing About Problems and Solutions | Writing for Health Sciences | NextGenU.org
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Student Learning Outcomes:
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
- Have skills and knowledge related to proposal writing and technical writing.
- Ask critical-thinking questions, distinguish between fact and opinion, and recognize bias.
- Describe a problem and proposed solution.
- Understand the roles of purpose and audience.
- Identify key features and characteristics of proposals.
- Learn to analyze organizational structures, integrate evidence, and draft proposals using prewriting strategies.
- Identify and correct subject-verb agreement errors, evaluate feedback, and reflect on their writing processes and objectivity as writers.
- Apply technical writing as a professional career.
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Required Learning Resources and Activities
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Read the entire page. (10 minutes)
Rice University - 2021
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Instructions:
- Read the questions carefully. Make sure you understand what the question is asking.
- Gather your thoughts. What do you know about the topic of the question? What are your thoughts and opinions on the matter?
- Write a brief outline of your response. This will help you to organize your thoughts and make sure you cover all of the important points.
- Write your response. Be sure to answer the question directly and provide evidence to support your claims.
- Proofread your response. Make sure there are no errors in grammar or spelling.
- Be open to feedback. Ask your classmates for feedback on your responses. This will help you to improve your writing skills and learn from your mistakes.
Here are some additional tips for answering discussion questions:
- Be clear and concise. Your response should be easy to understand and follow.
- Use evidence to support your claims. This could include quotes from the text, statistics, or your own personal experiences.
- Be respectful of other people's opinions. Even if you disagree with someone, you can still be respectful of their point of view.
Questions
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How did Drs. Pronovost and Gawande define the problems they were trying to solve?
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What evidence did Drs. Pronovost and Gawande use to support their proposed solutions?
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Who was the audience for the doctors’ proposals? Why might some audience members be hesitant about accepting the checklist solution?
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Think about the relationship between doctors and nurses. Who has more authority in a medical setting? How might the doctors’ and nurses’ reactions to using the checklist differ?
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In what ways is the problem the doctors tackled both simple and complex?
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In what ways is the solution the doctors proposed both simple and complex?
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Read the entire page. (28 minutes)
Rice University - 2021
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Instructions:
- Read the questions carefully. Make sure you understand what the question is asking.
- Gather your thoughts. What do you know about the topic of the question? What are your thoughts and opinions on the matter?
- Write a brief outline of your response. This will help you to organize your thoughts and make sure you cover all of the important points.
- Write your response. Be sure to answer the question directly and provide evidence to support your claims.
- Proofread your response. Make sure there are no errors in grammar or spelling.
- Be open to feedback. Ask your classmates for feedback on your responses. This will help you to improve your writing skills and learn from your mistakes.
Here are some additional tips for answering discussion questions:
- Be clear and concise. Your response should be easy to understand and follow.
- Use evidence to support your claims. This could include quotes from the text, statistics, or your own personal experiences.
- Be respectful of other people's opinions. Even if you disagree with someone, you can still be respectful of their point of view.
Questions
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How is the proposal organized? Make an informal outline of the main points.
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Identify types of evidence that the writer uses in the text of the proposal, such as statements of fact, statistics, examples, and visuals. What are the sources of his evidence? Are the sources credible and reliable?
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Analyze the writer’s stance. Is he objective? Does he reveal bias? Give examples of objectivity and/or bias that you see.
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Climate change is a broad topic for a proposal of this length. In fact, Shawn Krukowski’s instructor suggested that he narrow it. What advice would you give about narrowing the topic?
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Discuss the proposal in terms of its purpose and audience. What is the purpose of the proposal? What action does Shawn want readers to take after reading it? How effective is his call to action?
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What are three strengths of the proposal? What are three weaknesses?
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IMPORTANT
Make sure to carefully read and follow the instructions while completing the tasks. Once you have finished activities 6.5 and 6.6, proceed to section 6.7 Evaluation: Conventions, Clarity, and Coherence. This section provides rubric tools for self-evaluation and evaluating the work of your classmates. After completing the evaluation, move on to section 6.8 Spotlight on … Technical Writing as a Career, where you will encounter new challenges to showcase your content. Finally, go to section 6.9 Portfolio: Reflecting on Problems and Solutions to find useful tools, recommendations, and reflections for creating your portfolio. Afterward, move on to the next Module.
Now, let's get started! Using the following template, share your tasks, taking into account the order of the different sections detailed chronologically.
Summary of Assignment:
Write a proposal that discusses a problem you want to learn more about and that recommends a solution. The problem you choose must be a current problem, even though it may have been a problem for many years. The problem must also affect many people, and it must have an actual solution or solutions that you can learn about through research. In other words, the problem cannot be unique to you, and the solution you recommend cannot be one you only imagine; both the problem and the solution must be grounded in reality.
One way to get ideas about a problem to write about is to read a high-quality newspaper, website, or social media account for a week. Read widely on whatever platform you choose so that you learn what people are saying, what a newspaper’s editorial board is taking a stand on, what opinion writers are making cases for in op-eds, and what community members are commenting on. You’ll begin to get a handle on problems in your community or state that people care about. If you read a paper or website with a national or international audience, you’ll learn about problems that affect people in other places.
You will need to consult and cite at least five reliable sources. They can be scholarly, but they do not have to be. They must be credible, trustworthy, and unbiased. Possible sources include articles from reputable newspapers, magazines, and academic and professional journals; reputable websites; government sources; and visual sources. Depending on your topic, you may want to conduct a survey, an interview, or an experiment. See Research Process: Accessing and Recording Information and Annotated Bibliography: Gathering, Evaluating, and Documenting Sources for information about creating and finding sources. Your proposal can include a visual or media source if it provides appropriate, relevant evidence.
ANSWER
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Thesis and Organization
Drafting a Thesis
When you have a solid grasp of the problem and solution, try drafting a thesis. A thesis is the main idea that you will convey in your proposal and to which all the paragraphs in the paper should relate. In a proposal, you will likely express this main idea in a thesis statement of one or two sentences toward the end of the introduction.
ANSWER
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Practice Subject-Verb Agreement
Select the correct verb to complete each sentence.
Under the table ________ his slippers and socks. (is, are)
The choir usually ________ in the auditorium. (meets, meet)
Some of the actors ________ two roles. (performs, perform)
Some of this song ________ familiar. (sounds, sound)
Either my brother or my sisters ________ the keys to the truck. (has, have)
________ Whitney and her friend need a ride to the station? (does, do)
The situation concerning the reports and their authors ________ under investigation. (is, are)
Fifteen dollars and 40 cents ________ the amount of change she received. (is, are).
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Read the entire page. (6 minutes)
Rice University - 2021
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Read the entire page. (4 minutes)
Rice University - 2021
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Read the entire page. (2 minutes)
Rice University - 2021