Section: Module 5: Lesson 1: Healthcare Organization and Questions of Justice | Medical Ethics Online | NextGenU.org

  • Student Learning Outcomes:
    Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
    • Introduce and explain core health systems goals, functions, and typologies. 
    • Present and explore critical ethical considerations, such as questions of justice, to advancing health system goals in policy and practice.

    Click here to start this lesson

    • Required Learning Resources
    • Read the chapter introduction and all four main sections titled "Information, Surveillance, and Research," "Management of Health Services," "Human Resources," and "Financing" in their entirety, focusing on the framework explanations and skipping the embedded boxes if time is limited. (50 minutes)

      National Library of Medicine - 2006

    • Read the "Introduction" section, the complete "The Performance of Health Systems: Six Core Domains" section (including all six domains and Exhibit 1.1), and the full "The Challenge of Organizing Health Services Resources to Achieve Optimum Performance" section (covering Hospitals, Primary Care Provision, and Regionalization subsections). (40 minutes)

      The Global Healthcare Manager

    • Read the entire content. (18 minutes)

      National Library of Medicine - 2022

    • Read the entire content. (6 minutes)

      National Library of Medicine - 2008

    • Read Section 6 (Justice and Domestic Health Inequalities) including all subsections on free-standing and derivative approaches, and Section 7 (Individual Responsibility and Health Behaviors); skim Section 5 (Causal Pathways) for understanding of social determinants and stress mechanisms. (45 minutes)

      Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - 2021

    • Read Sections 3 (Does Justice Require Universal Access to Health Care?), 4 (What Kinds of Health Care Do We Owe Each Other?), and 5 (Is There a Right to Health or Health Care?) in full; skim Section 1 (What Societies Do About Access to Care) for context on non-financial barriers and social determinants. (42 minutes)

      Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - 2017

    • Read Chapters 2 and 6 in full, from Chapter 3 read sections on service selection criteria through combining criteria including Boxes 3.1-3.4, and from Chapter 7 read Box 7.2 on Accountability for Reasonableness. (90 minutes)

      World Health Organization - 2014

    • Read the entire content. (6 minutes)

      World Health Organization - 2025

    • Read the entire content. (9 minutes)

      National Library of Medicine - 2022

    • Read the Abstract, Introduction, section "HPSR's underlying moral commitment to health and social justice" (including all key definitions), Table 1 (Essential justice considerations for HPSR projects and programmes) in its entirety, and the section "Practical Applications and Policy Implications" with a focus on hidden power analysis and creating lasting change. (35 minutes)

      BMJ Journals - 2020

    • Recommended Additional Readings
    • (51 minutes)

      Global Health Ethics Key Issues - 2015

    • (34 minutes)

      Springer Nature Link - 2022

    • (49 minutes)

      National Library of Medicine - 2024

    • (57 minutes)

      National Library of Medicine - 2024