Section: Module1: Lesson 1: War and Public Health | War and Public Health | NextGenU.org

  • Student Learning Outcomes:
    Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
    • Define the key terms related to public health issues in war (morbidity and mortality, displacement, malnutrition, infectious diseases, psychological trauma, disability, civilians).
    • Describe the impact of armed conflict on the delivery of public health programs and interventions.
    • Explain how conflict affects public health policy responses.
    • Discuss the consequences of war on economic activities and the distribution of resources.
    • Discuss how violence and conflict can reduce the availability of resources and how this can impact people and communities.
    • Identify and examine the public health issues that have arisen as a result of past wars.
    • Discuss how war has impacted public health and health systems throughout history.
    Approximate time required for the readings for this lesson (at 144 words/minute): 5 hours and 10 minutes.

    Click here to start this lesson

    • Required Learning Resources and Activities
    • Read the content under the topics "Definition/ Introduction". (6 minutes)

      StatPearls - 2022

    • Read the definition for displaced person. (1 minute)

      Eurpoean Commission - 2019

    • Read from the beginning of the page to "Scope of the problem" (excluded). (4 minutes)

      WHO - 2021

    • Read the entire webpage. (5 minutes)

      International Committee of the Red Cross - 2014

    • Read the content under the heading "What is emotional and psychological trauma?". (2 minutes)

      HelpGuide.org - 2022

    • Read the following sections: (20 minutes)
      - Abstract
      - Introduction
      - Background
      - The impact of armed conflict on childhood immunization.
      - Attacks on health-care facilities and workers.
      - Forceful displacement and denial of access to health-care services.
      - Armed conflict, infectious disease outbreaks and the reemergence of VPDs.

      Him Vaccine Immunother - 2020

    • Read the following sections: (5 minutes)
      - Global strategy.
      - Requirements for polio surveillance.
      - Challenges in surveillance in armed conflicts.
      - Context in Borno State, Nigeria.

      Conflict and Health - 2022
    • Read the entire article. (1 minute)

      World Health Organization - 2022
    • Read the content under "Neonatal health" and "NCDs."(4 minutes)

      Journal of public health - 2019
    • Read the following sections: (12 minutes)
      - Introduction
      - Aim
      - Scope
      - Objectives
      - Public Health and Emergency Management Roles.
      - The first paragraph of Concepts of Operations.

      Government of Canada - 2018
    • Read the content under "Guiding principles."(2 minutes)

      Government of Canada - 2018
    • Read the entire article. (7 minutes)

      The conference board of Canada - 2022
    • Read the entire webpage. (13 minutes)

      Economicshelp.org - 2022
    • Under the section "Discussion ", read from "Internally displaced people and refugees" to "Education, health spending, and other factors" (included). (14 minutes)

      International Journal of Surgery Global Health - 2020
    • Read the content under "Effects of conflict on health" and "Reduced access to quality healthcare."(4 minutes) 

      Journal of Public Health - 2019

    • Read the entire article. (13 minutes)

      Future Microbiology - 2019
    • Read the content under "Tactics of war are a public health issue" and "Secular and inter-generational health effects."(7minutes)

      Journal of public health - 2020
    • Read the following sections: (40 minutes)
      - Introduction (first 2 paragraphs)
      - The channels of long-term effect of WWII
      - Mortality
      - Hunger
      - Measures of war exposure
      - Microlevel regressions of adult health and SES outcomes
      - Selection effects
      - Models of channels of war
      - Uneven consequences of war Conclusions

      Rev Econ Stat - 2014

    • General Instructions:

      In this learning activity, you will write a fictional journal entry or social media post about your life during the war.

      Step 1: Review and Reflect 

      Review the required learning material for this module and reflect on the consequences of the war on health and public health services.

      Step 2: Respond 

      Prepare a 500-600 word written piece discussing the consequences of war on public health from the perspective of a victim of the war. Ensure that your response addresses the following key points:

      • How does the war’s environmental impact affect public health services? (I.e., access to water, food, transport, and sanitation services)
      • How does the war impact physical health and well-being? (I.e., the spread of non-communicable diseases, malnutrition, illness, disability, and other public health concerns)
      • How does war impact civilians’ mental health? (I.e., post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety)

      Step 3: Share

      To share your work, click the “Add a new discussion topic” button under this post and paste your work into the “Message” box. Make sure to reference others’ intellectual property when necessary. All references should follow 7th Edition APA formatting. For further instructions, see the resource on the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library: APA citation resource (N.B. references are excluded from word counts).

      Step 4: Interact 

      To complete the activity, you will need to reply to at least two posts made by your peers in a respectful and professional manner. Be sure your post engages your peers' ideas by including a reflection on their comments, sharing ideas on other potential difficulties and parties involved, or asking thought-provoking questions. If a peer comments on your posting, please reply. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click “Post to forum.”

      OPTIONAL Step 5: Interact (10 minutes)

      If you would like to, you can reply to your peers' posts in a respectful and professional manner. Ensure that your post engages your peers' ideas by including a reflection on their comments, sharing ideas of other potential difficulties and parties involved, or asking thought-provoking questions. If a peer comments on your posting, please reply. To post a reply, click “Reply” on a particular discussion, write your feedback and then click on “Post to forum.”

    • Recommended Additional Readings
    • Read the entire article. (2 minutes)

      Lancet - 2022
    • Read pages 3-14 of "War and Public Health: An Overview."(32 minutes)

      To access this book, you must follow the instructions provided on this link.

      Take into account that at some point, some of the copies are not available and are in use. During this time, you will not be able to access a copy of the War and Public Health text. If so, please wait a moment and try to access the book later.

      Oxford University Press - 2008
    • Read the content from "Attacks on healthcare facilities and attrition of health workers" to "Gender-based sexual violence and rape" (included). (10 minutes)

      BMJ Global Health - 2022